brown chicken looking at a person's hand holding chicken grit

What is Chicken Grit?

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Chickens may not have teeth, but they have a secret weapon to tackle their dietary challenges – chicken grit. From tiny pebbles to crushed granite, these unsung heroes play a vital role in maintaining your feathered friends’ digestive health. In this article, we’ll delve into the world of chicken grit, exploring its types, benefits, and why it’s an essential part of a chicken’s diet.

white chicken eating out of someone's hand and some is spilling

What is Chicken Grit?

Chicken grit is a mix of small rocks, pebbles, and sometimes crushed granite that chickens consume to aid in their digestive process. These tiny rocks serve as natural grinders in the chicken’s gizzard, helping break down tough foods that their beaks alone can’t handle. 

Left oval bowl with chicken grit and right oval bowl with crushed oyster shells
Mixed Grit on the Left, Crushed Oyster Shells on the Right

Types of Chicken Grit

Generally, when discussing grit for chickens, it is categorized into two main types: insoluble grit and soluble grit. Both types play essential roles in supporting the digestive health of chickens. 

Insoluble Grit

Comprising small stones like flint or granite, insoluble grit stays in the gizzard for an extended period, providing a continuous grinding surface to break down tough foods.

  1. Granite Grit: Contains small, durable particles of granite, providing a long-lasting grinding surface in the gizzard.
  2. Mixed Poultry/Layer Grit: A blend of different types of insoluble grit, offering a variety of particle sizes for effective grinding.
  3. Chick Grit: Specifically designed for baby chicks, this finer grit aids in the digestion of chick crumble and starter feeds, ensuring the delicate digestive systems of young birds are supported. It’s a good idea to start offering chick grit at around 1 to 2 weeks of age.

Soluble Grit

Soluble grit is a term used for substances that can dissolve in the digestive system. While not technically grit in the traditional sense, these sources of calcium play a crucial role in supporting eggshell formation in laying hens.

  1. Crushed Oyster Shell: Crushed oyster shell is a source of calcium, important for laying hens to produce strong eggshells. It dissolves in the digestive system, making calcium available for absorption.
  2. Limestone Grit: Another source of soluble calcium, often used as a supplement to support bone health and eggshell formation.
brown chicken eating out of bowl

The Importance of Chicken Grit

Grit is important for chickens because it aids in their digestion. Chickens do not have teeth, so they need an alternative method to break down food in their gizzards. Grit serves as a grinding agent in the gizzard, helping to crush and grind the food particles, making them more manageable for further digestion.

Providing the right type of grit is particularly crucial for backyard chickens, as they may not have access to natural sources of grit in their environment. Without an adequate supply of grit, chickens may struggle to digest their food properly, leading to nutrient deficiencies, and health or digestive issues, including sour crop.

2 chickens with baby chicks

Do Chickens Get Grit Naturally?

Chickens have a natural instinct to seek out and consume grit as part of their foraging and feeding behavior. In the wild or a free-range environment, chickens obtain grit through various natural means. 

  1. Foraging:
    • Chickens are natural foragers, and they peck and scratch at the ground in search of insects, seeds, and other food items. During this foraging activity, they may pick up small rocks, pebbles, or other particles of grit present in the soil.
  2. Dust Bathing:
    • Chickens engage in dust bathing as a way to clean their feathers, remove parasites, and maintain skin health. They often use dry soil or dust for this purpose. While dust bathing, they may inadvertently ingest small particles of sand or soil, which can contribute to their intake of grit.
brown chicken looking at a person's hand holding chicken grit
My Nugget checking out the grit

Offering Grit to Your Flock

While chickens can naturally obtain grit in the ways mentioned above, it’s still a good idea for poultry keepers to provide supplemental grit, especially if the chickens aren’t able to free-range or if the natural environment lacks sufficient grit sources. 

While my chickens do free-range in the warmer months, I still provide them with a bowl of mixed grit and a bowl of crushed oyster shells. Chickens are intuitive and will eat the grit or oyster shells when needed.

brown hen with her baby chicks

Do Baby Chicks Need Grit?

If your baby chicks are consuming only commercial chick starter feed, which is finely ground, they may not require additional grit initially. Commercial chick starter feeds are formulated to be easily digestible by chicks without the need for grit.

However, if you introduce other types of feeds or treats that are larger in particle size or not finely ground, it becomes important to offer chick grit. I will typically mix in some chick grit in their chick starter food after a week or two.

Bottom Line

In the world of backyard chickens, the importance of grit cannot be overstated. From supporting the digestive process to ensuring strong eggshells, grit is a natural and effective supplement that promotes the overall well-being of your flock.

So, next time you see your chickens pecking at those small rocks, appreciate the tiny but mighty role that grit plays in their health and happiness. It’s the secret ingredient to a cluckin’ good time in your backyard chicken haven!


What questions do you have? Let me know in the comments!

Related Posts:
Backyard Chickens 101
Essential Guide to Dust Bath Ingredients
What Not to Feed Chickens
When do Chickens Begin Laying Eggs?
The Best Egg Laying Chickens

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